Transsexuality and gender identity: from the biological expression of social expression
Felipe Hurtado Murillo, Marcelino Gómez Balaguer, Francisco Donat Colomer.

SUMMARY

Objetive: To analyze the sexual identity of transsexual people from three fronts: biological (karyotype), psychological (personality) and social (gender). Design: Intervention before-after study.

Emplacement: Multidisciplinary care unit transsexuality.

Participants: The study sample has comprised 92 people, 51 men and 41 women, that requested to begin the process of sex change. Selected by means of serial sampling and they completed the diagnostic approaches settled down in the manuals so much (DSM-IV-TR and ICD-10), as the specific standards of eligibility and additional of disposition, for the hormonal and surgical therapy recommended recommended by the International Association “Harry Benjamin” for Gender Identity Disorders.

Intervention: Triadic therapy (psychological, hormonal and surgical), with a psychological evaluation of minimum duration of three months before the beginning of the hormonal therapy, with psychotherapeutic support during the hormonal and surgical therapy.

Main measurements: Study of the karyotype in peripheral blood, interviews and two validated inventory for measuring sexual identity, Multiphasic Personality Inventory Minnesota-2 (MMPI-2) and the Sex Role Inventory (BSRI).

Results: The karyotype is normal and according to biological sex in all cases. 56.9% of male to female transsexuals show clinically significant scores to meet the cultural stereotypes of femininity, compared to 34.1% of female to male transsexual who reached clinically significant scores to meet the cultural stereotypes associated with masculinity. Conclusions: The male to female transsexuals are not a mirror of female to male transsexuals constituting the first a extreme condition in identifying personality traits male versus female.

KEY WORDS

Transsexualism, sexual identity, karyotype, personality, gender.